Fruit juice: friend or foe?

我们每天都喝的果汁真的健康吗？加拿大的医学专家研究显示：果汁在人体内会阻止一些药物的吸收，使一些药物的疗效减少。

Grapefruit, orange and apple juices can harm the body’s ability to absorb certain medications and make the drugs less effective, said a Canadian study released this week in the United States.

The research showed that these juices can decrease the effectiveness of certain drugs used to treat heart disease, cancer, organ-transplant rejection and infection, “potentially wiping out their beneficial effects,” it said.

David Bailey, a professor of clinical pharmacology with the University of Western Ontario and leader of the study, was the first researcher to identify grapefruit juice’s potential to increase the absorption of certain drugs two decades ago, possibly turning some doses toxic.

The new findings came as part of his continuing research on the subject, and were presented at the 236th annual meeting of the American Chemical Society on Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

“Recently, we discovered that grapefruit and these other fruit juices substantially decrease the oral absorption of certain drugs undergoing intestinal uptake transport,” AFP quoted Bailey as saying.

“The concern is loss of benefit of medications essential for the treatment of serious medical conditions.”

Healthy volunteers took fexofenadine, an antihistamine used to fight allergies, along with either a glass of grapefruit juice, a glass of water with naringin (which gives the bitter taste to grapefruit juice), or plain water.

Those who drank the grapefruit juice absorbed only half the amount of fexofenadine, compared to those who drank plain water.

Researchers said the water with naringin served to block “a key drug uptake transporter, called OATP1A2, involved in shuttling drugs from the small intestine to the bloodstream.”

Among the drugs affected by consumption of grapefruit, orange and apple juices are: etoposide, an anticancer agent; beta blockers (atenolol, celiprolol, talinolol) used to treat high blood pressure and prevent heart attacks; and certain antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, itraconazole).

The drug-lowering interaction also affected cyclosporine, a drug taken to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, and more drugs were expected to be added to the list as the research continued.

Bailey said patients should consult with a doctor about taking medications with juice, and stick to plain water when taking most medications.

Fruit juice: friend or foe?

下面是原文翻译:由译言moonstruck完成

本周，一份由加拿大研究人员在美国公布的研究结果称，葡萄柚汁、橘子汁和苹果汁会降低人体吸收某些药物的能力，减弱药效。

这项研究表明，以上种类的果汁会降低部分药品的药效，包括用来治疗心脏病、癌症、器官移植排斥反应，以及感染的药物。“可能会抵消药物的效果”，研究报告这样写道。

西安大略大学的临床药物学教授大卫.贝利（David Bailey）是进行这项研究的领军人物。二十年前，他第一个发现葡萄柚汁可能会增进某些药物的吸收，甚至产生一定量毒素。

这些新发现来自于他对该问题的后续研究，并在美国化学学会在宾夕法尼亚州费城举行的236届年会上公布。

法新社引用贝利的话说：“近期我们发现，一些口服药的在肠道进行吸收时，会受到包括葡萄柚汁在内的这些果汁较大的影响。”

“令人关注的是一些用来治疗严重病症的药物，它们药效也会受到影响。”

一批健康的志愿者进行了一个实验，他们被分为三组服用非索非那定（fexofenadine，一种治疗过敏的药物），第一组同时喝下一杯葡萄柚汁，第二组则喝下一杯含有柚皮苷的水（柚皮苷为葡萄柚苦味的来源），第三组喝下一杯纯水。

结果，葡萄柚汁组对非索非那定的吸收仅有纯水组的一半。

研究人员表示，含有柚皮苷的水“阻碍了一种叫做OPTP1A2的物质的正常活动，该物质是药物吸收的关键，将药物从小肠输送至血液。”

葡萄柚汁、橘子汁、苹果汁还会影响以下药物的吸收：依托泊苷（etoposide，一种抗癌剂），阻滞剂（氨酰心安、塞利洛尔、环脲心安，用作高血压的治疗以及心脏病预防），某些抗生素（环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、伊曲康唑）。

抗药作用也影响到环孢霉素，一种防止器官移植排斥现象的药物。随着研究的继续展开，可以预见将有更多药物进入到该清单。

贝利表示，患者服药时应该咨询医生是否可以用饮料送服，并尽量用白开水服药。

看来以后得改变想法了，以前只喝鲜榨的橙汗，正常情况下是没有什么大碍的，不过一旦用药时就要留意了！